Oocytes of a single individual of Ciona intestinalis (Roscoff, France) were fertilized by a mixture of sperm of two individuals and development was followed microscopically. Embryos were snapfrozen in liquid nitrogen at the appropriate stage and kept at -80°C. Samples at stage 0, 8, 12, 15, 21, 26 were collected from the same fertilzation, while sample from stage 11 was independently collected from a different individual. Total RNA was prepared with the RNA II kit of Magerey Nagel and the quality was checked with the Bioanalyzer, all samples had a RIN value of higher than 9. Strand specific libraries were constructed and the sequencing (50PE) was performed with Illumina HiSeq 2000 technology (BGI, Hong Kong, China). Reads were aligned onto C.robusta genome and considered to reflect the expression of the C.robusta orthologous genes.

Conversion to Aniseed format of data from Yutaka Satou's gene expression profiles of transcription factors and signalling molecule ISH screen (Development. 2004 131:4047-58).

Original annotation :
Gene name :BMP2/4.
Expression pattern : Unlocalized signal was detected

Conversion to Aniseed format of data from Yutaka Satou's gene expression profiles of transcription factors and signalling molecule ISH screen (Development. 2004 131:4047-58).

Original annotation :
Gene name :BMP2/4.
Expression pattern : No distinct zygotic signal was detected.

Conversion to Aniseed format of data from Yutaka Satou's gene expression profiles of transcription factors and signalling molecule ISH screen (Development. 2004 131:4047-58).

Original annotation :
Gene name :BMP2/4.
Expression pattern : No distinct zygotic signal was detected

Conversion to Aniseed format of data from Yutaka Satou's gene expression profiles of transcription factors and signalling molecule ISH screen (Development. 2004 131:4047-58).

Original annotation :
Gene name :BMP2/4.
Expression pattern : B7.8

Vegetal view of an early gastrula stage wild-type embryo probed for BMP2/4 expression.
Cell lineages are indicated by arrowheads: a-line in red (anterior sensory vesicle precursors); b-line in green (dorsal neural tube precursors); A-line in yellow (for posterior sensory vesicle and ventral midline precursors) or tan (for lateral neural tube precursors). B-line muscle precursors are indicated by black arrowheads.

Original annotation:
In gastrula embryos, expression was detected in the lateral A-line neural precursors A8.15 (progenitor of all the larval motoneurons) and A8.16, as well as b-line (b8.19) neural precursors and some B-line muscle precursors.

Vegetal view of an early gastrula stage wild-type embryo probed for BMP2/4 expression.
Cell lineages are indicated by arrowheads: a-line in red (anterior sensory vesicle precursors); b-line in green (dorsal neural tube precursors); A-line in yellow (for posterior sensory vesicle and ventral midline precursors) or tan (for lateral neural tube precursors). B-line muscle precursors are indicated by black arrowheads.

Original annotation:
In gastrula embryos, expression was detected in the lateral A-line neural precursors A8.15 (progenitor of all the larval motoneurons) and A8.16, as well as b-line (b8.19) neural precursors and some B-line muscle precursors.

Conversion to Aniseed format of data from Yutaka Satou's gene expression profiles of transcription factors and signalling molecule ISH screen (Development. 2004 131:4047-58).

Original annotation :
Gene name :BMP2/4.
Expression pattern : B8.15

Late gastrula stage wild type embryo probed for Ci-BMP2/4 expression. No picture available in the article.

Original Annotation :
Expression was observed in b9.37 and b9.38 cell pairs.

Vegetal view of a mid gastrula stage wild-type embryo probed for BMP2/4 expression.
Cell lineages are indicated by arrowheads: a-line in red (anterior sensory vesicle precursors); b-line in green (dorsal neural tube precursors); A-line in yellow (for posterior sensory vesicle and ventral midline precursors) or tan (for lateral neural tube precursors). B-line muscle precursors are indicated by black arrowheads.

Original annotation:
By neural plate stages, BMP2/4 expression was detected in lateral b-line cells bordering the neural plate and a9.49.

Vegetal view of a mid gastrula stage wild-type embryo probed for BMP2/4 expression.
Cell lineages are indicated by arrowheads: a-line in red (anterior sensory vesicle precursors); b-line in green (dorsal neural tube precursors); A-line in yellow (for posterior sensory vesicle and ventral midline precursors) or tan (for lateral neural tube precursors). B-line muscle precursors are indicated by black arrowheads.

Original annotation:
By the time the neural plate consists of six rows of cells, BMP2/4 expression was restricted to b9.37, b9.38 and the ventral epidermis precursors.

Original annotation : Ventral view of mid-gastrula stage embryo hybridized with a BMP2/4 mRNA probe and merged with the nuclear counterstain 49,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI).

Conversion to Aniseed format of data from Yutaka Satou's gene expression profiles of transcription factors and signalling molecule ISH screen (Development. 2004 131:4047-58).

Original annotation :
Gene name :BMP2/4.
Expression pattern : epidermis, unidentifiable.

Original annotation: Ventral view of an embryo injected with a control LacZ MO. Expression of bmp2/4 is observed in the entire ventral epidermis.

Original annotation : Lateral view of an embryo during the gastrula–neurula transition hybridized with a BMP2/4 mRNA probe. Anterior is to the left.

Conversion to Aniseed format of data from Yutaka Satou's gene expression profiles of transcription factors and signalling molecule ISH screen (Development. 2004 131:4047-58).

Original annotation :
Gene name :BMP2/4.
Expression pattern : epidermis, unidentifiable.

Late neurula embryo electroporated with Mesp > lacZ (red) and hybridized with a Bmp2/4 antisense RNA probe (green).
(L) leader ; (T) trailer ; arrowheads TVCs ; arrows ATMs (anterior tail muscles).
Scale bars 20 μm.

Original annotation:
At this stage, Bmp2/4 is not expressed in TVCs (arrowheads), but in the adjacent ventral epidermis.

Ventral view of a late neurula stage embryo probed for BMP2/4 (green) expression. Nuclei of TVCs and ATMs are marked by β-gal antibody staining (red). Inset panels display magnified views of the B7.5 lineage. Note that the TVCs are the more anterior lineage, as marked by arrowheads in the first column.

Original annotation:
Bmp2/4 did not appear to be expressed in the TVCs although they were expressed in neighboring lineages. In particular, BMP2/4 was expressed in an overlapping region of the anterior/ventral epidermis.

Early-tailbud embryos electroporated with Mesp > lacZ, detected by immunofluorescence (red), and hybridized with the Bmp2/4 antisense RNA probes (green).

Original annotation:
They observed conspicuous TVCspecific expression of GATAa and Tolloid, while NK4 and Bmp2/4 expression could not be detected above background levels.

Lateral view of an early tailbud stage embryo probed for BMP2/4 (green) expression. Nuclei of TVCs and ATMs are marked by β-gal antibody staining (red). Inset panels display magnified views of the B7.5 lineage. Note that the TVCs are the more anterior lineage, as marked by arrowheads in the first column.

Original annotation:
The TVCs did not appear to express BMP2/4 during these stages.

Conversion to Aniseed format of data from Yutaka Satou's gene expression profiles of transcription factors and signalling molecule ISH screen (Development. 2004 131:4047-58).

Original annotation :
Gene name :BMP2/4.
Expression pattern : endoderm, epidermis, unidentifiable.
Comment : In addition to the trunk endoderm, endodermal strand also expressed this gene. Trunk ventral epidermis.

Lateral view of an early tailbud stage embryo, showing expression of ci-bmp24 in head epidermis. Expression of ci-bmp24 is revealed by whole-mount in situ hybridization.

Lateral view of an early tailbud stage wild type embryo probed for Ci-BMP2/4 expression.

Original Annotation :
Expression was observed in a-line-ventral-epidermis.

Lateral view of a WT Ciona robusta early tailbud embryo probed for Bmp2/4 (KH.C4.125) expression.
Expression is observed in the ventral head epidermis.
Insert is a ventral view of the trunk region.

Mid-tailbud embryo electroporated with Mesp > lacZ (red) and hybridized with a Bmp2/4 antisense RNA probe (green).
(L) leader ; (T) trailer ; arrowheads TVCs ; arrows ATMs (anterior tail muscles).

Original annotation:
Comprehensive in situ hybridization surveys and cell-specific whole genome transcription profiling indicated that the TVCs express both the Bmp2/4 and Tolloid genes as they migrate towards the ventral part of the trunk, at the mid-tailbud stage.

Lateral view of a mid tailbud stage embryo probed for BMP2/4 (green) expression. Nuclei of TVCs and ATMs are marked by β-gal antibody staining (red). Inset panels display magnified views of the B7.5 lineage. Note that the TVCs are the more anterior lineage, as marked by arrowheads in the first column.

Original annotation:
BMP2/4 expression in the TVCs rose to detectable levels.

Lateral view of a mid tailbud stage embryo co-electroporated with Mesp-lacZ (red) and Hl-GATAa-DBD and probed for BMP2/4 (green) expression. The construct Hl-GATAa-DBD was included in embryos for a more rigourous control : this construct contains the GATAa DNA binding domain alone which is expressed in the TVCs.

Original annotation:
In Hl-GATAa-DBD control embryos, BMP2/4 was consistently expressed in the trunk ventral cells.

Lateral view of a mid tailbud stage embryo co-electroporated with Mesp-lacZ (red) and Ttf-GATAa-DBD and probed for BMP2/4 (green) expression. The construct Ttf-GATAa-DBD was used as a control.

Conversion to Aniseed format of data from Yutaka Satou's gene expression profiles of transcription factors and signalling molecule ISH screen (Development. 2004 131:4047-58).

Original annotation :
Gene name :BMP2/4.
Expression pattern : epidermis, unidentifiable.

Lateral view of a mid tailbud stage embryo probed for BMP2/4 (green) expression. Nuclei of TVCs and ATMs are marked by β-gal antibody staining (red). Inset panels display magnified views of the B7.5 lineage. Note that the TVCs are the more anterior lineage, as marked by arrowheads in the first column.

Original annotation:
The BMP2/4 expression domain appeared unchanged.